Which gives the shift in the wavelength of the scattered and incident photon, called Compton Shift But, here due to inelastic scattering, the photon could transfer some of it's momentum ($\displaystyle$$ This is used in explaining photoelectric effect. i.e., a photon is not partially absorbed. The photon usually work in the principle of "all or nothing" where the complete photon energy is either absorbed or not. The absorbed energy appears as the work function the kinetic energy of the electron (in the case of metals). This process differs from photo electric effect on the fact that in photoelectric effect, a photon is completely absorbed by the electron. Hence the wavelength of scattered photon will be greater than that of the incident photon. (This is why the yellow photon turned into a red photon in the animation). Since the energy of the incident photon is reduced it's wavelength should increase (and frequency should decrease as per the relation: This experiment ensures the particle nature of radiation like the photoelectric effect. This process of inelastic scattering of electron by a photon is called Compton scattering and the phenomenon is called Compton effect. The energy lost by the photon will be equal to the energy gained by the scattered electron. When a high energetic photon (like the gamma or X ray photon) hit a charged particle like an electron, due to inelastic collision, the photon loses some energy and the electron get scattered.
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